Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngo-2025, okungenani eyodwa Abasebenzi abangu-70% emhlabeni wonke bazosebenzisa ukuhlakanipha okufakelwayo Ukuze benze imisebenzi yabo kangcono, ukutshalwa kwezimali kuzokhula ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-25 eminyakeni ezayo. Lokhu ngokungangabazeki kuzothinta umkhiqizo kanye nokukhula kwanoma iyiphi imakethe.
Futhi kulo mkhakha wobuhlakani bokwenziwa kuza... umbono wekhompyutha, ukuthi Yaqala ngawo-1960, yize ukuchuma kwayo kwaqala eminyakeni engamashumi amabili kamuva. futhi ithuthuka cishe nsuku zonke ngenxa yezinzwa ezifakiwe kanye namasu amasha ekhompyutha.
Konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nombono womshini kungatholakala kulesi sifundo.Ukuhlaziya ukusebenza kwayo, ukusetshenziswa kwayo empilweni yanamuhla, kanye nezinselele ebhekene nazo futhi okuzodingeka izinqobe ukuze iqhubeke nokuba nomthelela emphakathini.
Kuyini umbono wekhompyutha noma umbono wekhompyutha?
Lo mkhakha wobuhlakani bokwenziwa usebenzisa amakhompyutha nezinhlelo zekhompyutha ukuze thola ulwazi olubalulekile ezithombeni noma kumavidiyo ngenhloso yokubuka, ukuhlaziya, nokuqonda ukuziphatha kwabantu nezinto ngesikhathi esithile.
Inhloso ukulingisa amakhono okubona komuntu.Lokhu kuvumela umshini ukuthi usebenze kahle kunoma yisiphi isimo. Le nqubo isebenzisa izifundo ezifana nefiziksi kanye nejiyomethri, incike ekulandeleni kwezithombe kuyo yonke indawo.
Isebenza kanjani i-computer vision?
Ukuze umbono womshini usebenze kahle, Ikhompyutha kumele ikwazi ukuqonda incazelo yezithombe enazo phambi kwayo., ngemva kokuhlanganisa idatha eyitholile.
Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, kuchazwa izigaba ezine ezidingekayo ukuze imishini iqedele izinqubo zayo:
Uhlolojikelele
Nakuba umbono wokwenziwa ungasebenzi kahle njengobuchopho bomuntu, uyakwazi buka inani elikhulu lezithombe ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esihleliwe. Ilandelela ukunyakaza kwezinto, izihlukanise ngezigaba kusetshenziswa amasu athuthukile.
Futhi, njengengxenye yomsebenzi, Ingakha isithombe esinezinhlangothi ezintathu noma yakha kabusha isithombe esinezinhlangothi ezimbili. ukuze ijule kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuze lobu buchwepheshe busebenze kahle, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukufunda komshini, okufuna amandla emishini kanye nabantu.
Ukutholwa kwesithombe
Lobu buchwepheshe buhlola izinto noma abantu abangase babe sesiteji. ngokusekelwe ezicini zayoNsuku zonke, amakhompyutha acubungula izigidi zezithombe noma amavidiyo angabonakali avela kumadivayisi eselula, amasathelayithi okwenziwa, amakhamera okuphepha emigwaqweni yomphakathi, ezitolo, ezindaweni zokugcina impahla nakwezinye izindawo zezentengiselwano.
Zonke izinto zitholwa yizinzwa ezikwazi ukuthwebula izikhathi eziqondile uma ukukhanya sekuhlanganiswe namaprosesa ekhamera. Ngakho-ke lokho Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ephezulu yesithombe, kuyanconywa ukuthi umsebenzi we-optical wedivayisi usebenze kahle..
Ukucubungula isithombe
Kulesi sinyathelo, Ikhompyutha isebenzisa ukufunda okujulileLe nqubo iqeqesha umshini ukuhlonza isithombe ngendlela efana noma efana nendlela umuntu angasihlonza ngayo. Ekuqaleni, amapharamitha athuthukiswa ukusiza ukuhlonza izici ngokusekelwe kudatha elayishiwe, ngokungenelela okuncane komuntu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekucubungulweni kwezithombe Sifuna izici ezinikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nesithombe kanye nedatha engasadingeki noma engasadingeki ohlelweni nayo iyasuswa.
Ukuhlaziywa kwesithombe nokuqonda
Uma ukucubungula sekuqediwe, Ikhompyutha iyakwazi ukusabela ngokwento ngayinye ekhonjiweLapha, kusetshenziswa insiza ebizwa ngokuthi amanethiwekhi e-convolutional neural, enesibopho sokwenza ngcono idatha elayishiwe, okwenza ukuqhathanisa okujulile ukuchaza ikhwalithi yomsebenzi.
Ngemva kokuhlanganisa zonke izinto, Isigaba sokugcina siyalandela, lapho isithombe sihlukaniswa khona, kutholakala isimo esiphuthumayo, noma kutholakale noma yimaphi amaphutha okungenzeka ukuthi sinawo., kucatshangelwa ama-algorithms nama-vector esofthiwe.
Ukusetshenziswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kombono womshini
Nakuba umbono wekhompyutha ungase ube yindaba yesikhathi esizayo, iqiniso liwukuthi Sekuyiminyaka ethile itholakala futhi isetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingiukuletha imiphumela emihle kakhulu nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukonga isikhathi kanye nokonga imali.
Njengoba kuboniswe ngezansi:
- Izimoto ezizimele: Lezi zimoto zinezici ezilingisa ukushayela komuntu. Ubuchwepheshe bazo obusekelwe kukhompyutha buhlanganisa i-GPS, i-radar, i-laser, kanye nokubona ngekhamera, okubasiza ukuba bagweme izithiyo, babone izimpawu zomgwaqo, futhi bakhethe ngisho nomzila ongcono kakhulu.
- Ukusesha izithombe: Izinjini zokusesha ezifana ne-Google zisebenza ngokusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe, obubona izinto ngokusekelwe kuma-algorithms anamandla. Ikhompyutha iyakwazi ukuhlukanisa igama bese ilahla izithombe ezingafanele, okukhiqiza umphumela onembile.
- Ukuqashelwa kokunyakaza: Lesi sici sinezinto eziningi ezisetshenziswayo, kusukela ekugcineni ukuhleleka komphakathi, ukuvimbela abaphangi ukuthi bangene empahleni yangasese, ukususa okuqukethwe okungafanele, kanye nokuthola ubuso, noma ngabe idivayisi ayiyona into ecacile. Esinye isici esibalulekile yikhono layo lokuqopha ukunyakaza kwabantu ukuze kusetshenziswe kuma-animation edijithali.
- Okungokoqobo okungathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona: Kuwukuxhumana phakathi kwezikhala ezingokoqobo nezangempela ezisebenzisa ama-webcam, amaphilisi, noma amadivayisi eselula. Kunikeza umsebenzisi ukusebenzisana kwesikhathi sangempela, okunezinhlangothi ezintathu okuvumelana nendawo akuyo.
- Amarobhothi asekhaya/amasevisi: Lawa madivayisi anakekela imisebenzi yasekhaya, kungaba ejwayelekile noma ehlobene nokuzijabulisa. Anganakekela izilwane ezifuywayo, agunde utshani, noma anakekele ichibi uma kudingeka.
- Ukubuyiselwa kwesithombe nokususwa komsindo: Umgomo uwukususa ukuhlanekezela noma amaphutha esithombeni esidala ngenqubo yokuguqula isithombe sibe yidijithali. Ama-algorithm asetshenziswayo enza kube nokwenzeka ukubuyisela izinguqulo ezahlukene zesithombe ngokusekelwe kudatha ezungezile.
Izinselele kanye nokulinganiselwa kokubona ikhompyutha
Umbono womshini unezinzuzo eziningi...kufaka phakathi ukunemba, isivinini, ukuthembeka kanye nokonga izindleko, noma kunjalo Kukhona nezinselele okumele zinqotshwe ukuze zisetshenziswe kabanzi kunoma iyiphi indawo lapho zidingeka khona..
Imikhawulo ihlanganisa okulandelayo:
- Idatha engaphelele: Igciwane, inkinga ohlelweni lwekhompyutha, ukulebula okungalungile, noma ukwehluleka kwekhompyutha kunganciphisa ukufinyelela kolwazi ngendlela efanele, okuholela ekungakwazini ukwenza imisebenzi ngempumelelo.
- Impendulo yesikhathi sangempela: Uma kungekho sinyathelo esithathwayo phakathi nezikhathi ezikhethiwe, kwenzeka ukwehluleka. Lokhu kuthinta ukuthi inqubo yenzeka ngaphambi noma ngemva kwesikhathi esibekiwe; kuzo zombili izimo, ithuba lokucubungula isithombe liyalahleka.
- Ukuntuleka kochwepheshe: Nakuba kuzoba nokwanda kwenani lochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe ekuhlakanipheni kokwenziwa eminyakeni ezayo, kusenesidingo esikhulu sokuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe. Lokhu kunciphisa ububanzi bamathuba atholakalayo.
- Inkumbulo enomkhawulo: Ulwazi oluqoqwe lungolwesikhashana, okunciphisa amathuba okudala amaphethini nezimpendulo ezithile.
