ISpain ingenye yamazwe ahamba phambili anezintambo ze-fiber optic eziningi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nendawo yayo, kanye nezintambo ze-DSL kulo lonke izwe; kunezindawo (ikakhulukazi ezasemakhaya) lapho, ngenxa yezinkinga zezokuthutha noma zezindleko, lobu buchwepheshe bokufaka izintambo bungasetshenziswa ukufinyelela kulezo zindawo.
Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa nje yokukhetha okwenziwe abantu abahlala kulezo zindawo. Bakhetha ukungabi nobuchwepheshe be-fiber optic esikhundleni salokho bakhetha i-inthanethi exhunywe ngocingo enesivinini esiphansi kakhulu.Namuhla banalo ijubane elasetshenziswa emashumini eminyaka edlule.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki, uma ufuna ukuhlala uxhumekile kwi-inthanethi ngaso sonke isikhathi, ungakwenza lokho. Kulesi sihloko sifuna ukukukhombisa zonke izici nezici lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe, oluphelelwe yisikhathi, olunazo ezindaweni zasemakhaya.
Iyini i-inthanethi yasemakhaya futhi ihluke kanjani ekuxhumaneni kwasemadolobheni?
Isevisi ye-inthanethi yasemakhaya Ihlinzekwa ngebhendi yezwi ngemodemu engu-56k Izintambo zocingo ziyizindlela zokudlulisa lolu lwazi. Babhekene nenkinga enkulu namuhla, njengoba ukulungiswa kwezinkampani zocingo kuncane ngoba bagxile ekuhlinzekeni ngezinsizakalo ze-fiber optic, okuyizinketho ezilula kakhulu nezisesikhathini ezitholakalayo namuhla.
La Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-inthanethi yasemakhaya ne-inthanethi yasemadolobheni yisivinini sokulayisha nokulanda.Edolobheni singabuka amavidiyo noma olunye uhlobo lokusakaza okuseqophelweni eliphezulu kokungathembeki, kuyilapho ezindaweni zasemakhaya lokhu cishe kungenzeki.
Ezindaweni ezingenayo isevisi ye-fiber optic, ukufakwa kwenziwa nge-modem exhunywe kucingo, enikeza isevisi ehluke kakhulu kune-modem ye-fiber optic. Umthamo wokufakwa kwala ma-modem nawo uhlukile kakhulu; uhlobo lwesibili lucishe lufane nolokuqala.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi ezitholakala ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasezindaweni ezikude lapho kungafinyelelwa khona kahle?
Uma unendlu emaphandleni noma uzithola nje kulezi zindawo zasemakhaya ngezikhathi ezithile, Izinhlobo zokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi ozoba nazo yilezi ezilandelayo:
I-WiMAX
Ibizwa kanjalo ngenxa yesifinyezo sayo sesiNgisi esithi “Ukusebenzisana Komhlaba Wonke Ekufinyeleleni kweMicrowave", esebenza ngama-microwave, okusho ukuthi isebenza namagagasi omsakazo; indinganiso iwukuthi I-IEEE 802.16 MAN.
Lokhu kudluliswa kwedatha kuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ze-broadband ezindaweni lapho ukuthunyelwa kwezintambo ze-fiber optic kungeke kufinyelele khona kubantu basemakhaya noma kubiza kakhulu.
Kwezinye izimo, singathola futhi imvamisa yokudlulisa engenalayisensi engu-5,4 GHz.Zinemikhawulo ebalulekile ngoba zisebenza kuphela phakathi kwemikhiqizo ethile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ufuna ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki ngaphandle kwalabo ababhalwe phakathi kwemikhiqizo, ngeke ukwazi.
Enhliziyweni yoxhumano olujwayelekile kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlobo lapho i-inthanethi ingafinyelelwa khona:
- Enye ingu-802.16d, ebizwa nangokuthi ukufinyelela okuhleliweLokhu kusungula isixhumanisi somsakazo phakathi kwesiteshi esiyisisekelo kanye nemishini yomsebenzisi, okuthi, nakuba kungokwemfundiso, ifinyelele isivinini esifinyelela ku-70 Mbit/s ngemvamisa engu-20 MHz.
- Futhi elinye icala elihlukile Izinga lokuxhumana lingu-802.16e, elivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukuhamba okugcweleLokhu kuvumela, uma kuqhathaniswa nohlobo lwangaphambilini, uxhumano lwe-inthanethi ngaphandle kokuba sekhaya lomsebenzisi. Kuyindlela efana ne-GSM, okwamanje encintisana nobuchwepheshe be-LTE.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo zalolu hlobo lokuxhumana, singasho ukuthi zinikeza ukuxhumana kwe-broadband yeselula noma ephathekayo ngamadivayisi ahlukahlukene, okunikeza insizakalo «ukudlala kathathu"Okusho ukuthi, isebenza njengocingo, inikeza idatha, futhi isebenzela izinsizakalo ze-IPTV."
Enye inzuzo esingayisho ukuthi zisebenza kuma-smart grid futhi njengengxenye yohlelo lwebhizinisi..
I-inthanethi yesathelayithi
Lolu hlobo lokuxhumeka Kubhekisela endleleni lapho i-inthanethi ingafinyelelwa khona kusetshenziswa isixhumanisi sesathelayithi.Ifunwa kakhulu ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona izintambo noma ukufinyelela ku-fiber optics; inzuzo yayo eyinhloko ukuthi ibiza kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa.
Amasignali adluliselwa nge-uplink eya kwisathelayithi athunyelwa phansi eMhlabeni nge-downlink beam. Lokhu kungenzeka uma imishayo ye-downlink ingavinjelwa ukuthi iphazamisane, noma uma kutholakala amandla engeziwe okudluliselwa evela eMhlabeni.
Ngamanye amagama, Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuze sithumele amaza ethu ku-antenna etholayo kuzodingeka sibe sendaweni ekahle kakhulu ukuze sigweme ukuphazamiseka..
Amadivayisi e-Hotspot
I-Hotspot, noma ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana Kuyindlela yokufinyelela i-inthanethi ngenethiwekhi engenantambo exhumanisa umhlinzeki wesevisi ne-router..
Lezi zinhlobo zokuxhumana cishe njalo ziyizindawo ezifunwa kakhulu ngokwethrafikhi. ngaleyo ndlela kudala imikhawulo ekumbozweni ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nazo zonke izidingo zabasebenzisi ngesikhathi sokuxhumeka kwakho kwe-inthanethi okungenantambo.
Insizakalo ingamboza nge-Wi-Fi Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni zomphakathi njengemitapo yolwazi, amabha, iziteshi zesitimela, izikhumulo zezindiza, nezinye izindawo eziningi. Cishe kuzo zonke lezi zindawo, ukufinyelela kumahhala.
Imvamisa esebenza ngayo yi- 2.4 GHz (802.11b/o 802.11g) o 5 GHz (802.11ac) Kuye ngendawo yomsebenzisi kanye nedivayisi ekhipha isignali, isivinini sokulayisha nokulanda sizohluka.
I-WiMax vs I-Satellite vs Amadivayisi E-inthanethi Eselula, yikuphi okungcono ezindaweni zasemakhaya futhi okusheshayo?
Uma ufuna ukugwema ukungabi ne-inthanethi ezindaweni zasemakhaya, sifuna ukukunikeza ukuhlaziywa ukuze uqhathanise ukuthi yiziphi izinketho ezikufanele.Ekupheleni kwalesi sihloko sizokwethula iziphetho zethu mayelana nalesi sihloko, kodwa kuzohlala kukuwe ukuthi unqume ukuthi yisiphi esifanelana nezidingo zakho zangempela.
Sizobeka phambili isivinini sokuxhumeka kanye nezindleko zesevisi zanyanga zonke. Kulokhu kuhlaziya, sifuna ukungamnaki umhlinzeki wesevisi; ngakho-ke, sizonciphisa idatha ibe yisilinganiso ngokusekelwe ezifundweni esizenzile ngokuqhathanisa izinkampani ezahlukene.
I-WiMAX – Isivinini esiphansi
Kuyindlela enhle yokukhetha izindawo ezingezona ezasemadolobheni; izindleko zokufakwa kwayo zingu- 72,50 €Inikeza umkhawulo wokulanda ongenamkhawulo, isivinini sayo siyahlukahluka kusuka ku- 3Mb kuya ku-9Mb (into okufanele uyikhumbule futhi uyinake). Imali ejwayelekile yanyanga zonke ingu-€29,90.
Manje, uma okudingayo kungekona nje ukuba ne-inthanethi kodwa futhi nokwengeza isevisi yocingo kusevisi yakho, okuwukuphela kwento ezohluka yimali yanyanga zonke lapho isilinganiso sizoba yi-€42 ngenyanga enikeza izingcingo ezingafika kumaminithi angu-1200 ezindaweni zasendaweni.
I-inthanethi yesathelayithi - Akukho ukumbozwa okungu-100%
Uma sikhuluma nge-inthanethi yesathelayithi, ukuxhumana kuzoncika endaweni okuyo kanye nohlelo olukhethayo, kodwa ngokwesilinganiso ungalindela isivinini phakathi 30 Mb kanye no-50 Mb (okuphakeme kakhulu kunephuzu le-WiMAX langaphambilini), kufaka phakathi ucingo lwasendlini. Inani layo lanyanga zonke liyahlukahluka phakathi kusukela ku-€34,90 kuya ku-€79,90 ngenyanga.
Siyaphinda ukuthi kuncike endaweni okuyo, njengoba kunezindawo lapho kungekho khona ukumbozwa okungu-100% kwalolu hlobo lwensizakalo.
I-inthanethi yeselula – Ibiza kancane kunezinye
Uma sikhuluma nge-inthanethi yeselula, sibhekisela kubuchwepheshe be-3G kanye ne-4G. Kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinkampani ezihlinzeka ngale nsizakalo, futhi njenge-inthanethi yesathelayithi, ukutholakala kuncike endaweni okuyo. Inzuzo yalolu hlelo ukuthi lonke izwe limbozwe yilokhu kuxhumana.
Kuzo zonke izimo, imikhawulo yokusetshenziswa kwedatha yahlaziywa; izinkampani zinikeza phakathi 50GB kuye ku-80GB, kodwa futhi uzothola ukusetshenziswa okungenamkhawulo bekhokha okuthe xaxa. Isivinini esiphezulu abasifinyelelayo silandelana ngo- 20 Mb kuya ku-50 Mb (into ebalulekile uma ubeka phambili lolu hlobo lwesidingo) futhi banezindleko kusukela ku-€39,95 kuya ku-€55,40.
Isiphetho
Ngalesi sihlaziyi, sifuna ukuncoma, futhi yize sesivele sikushilo, ukuthi inketho engcono kakhulu izoncika ezidingweni nasezimweni zakho. Ngamanye amazwi, uma uchitha isikhathi esiningi ezindaweni zasemakhaya, kufanele ukhethe isevisi eyodwa noma enye, kanti uma uhlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya ngezikhathi ezithile, awudingi ukwenza isivumelwano nomhlinzeki onikeza isivinini sokuxhuma esiphezulu kakhulu.
Kodwa, ukufingqa, Sizokutshela ukuthi inketho engcono kakhulu yalezi zimo ukuba ne-inthanethi yeselula, njengoba inikeza ukuxhumeka okungcono kokulayisha nokulanda idatha ngesivinini esiphezulu kunezinye izinketho futhi imbozwe kulo lonke elaseSpain..
Ububi balezi zinsizakalo ukuthi zibiza kakhulu kunezinye.
