Multimedia

Iyini ifayela le-multimedia? Incazelo

Abezindaba babusa umhlaba wonke, futhi asikhulumi nje ngeziteshi zokuxhumana, kodwa ngezindaba lapho okuqukethwe kwethulwa khona kithi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi singaphandle noma ngaphakathi; esontweni noma esikoleni; yonke indawo, uma sibheka nxazonke, siyaqaphela ukuthi sizungezwe izithombe, umbhalo, umsindo, namavidiyo . Lesi simo sakhula kakhulu ngokukhula kwe-inthanethi namadivayisi edijithali , okwenza lawa mafomethi afaneleke kakhulu, njengoba abantu bechitha isikhathi esiningi usuku ngalunye bedla okuqukethwe ezinkundleni zokuxhumana nakwamanye amapulatifomu.

Kuyini i-multimedia futhi lezi zinhlobo zezinto zekhompyutha zisetshenziselwa ini?

Uhlu lwamawebhusayithi amahle kakhulu okuhlela amavidiyo nokuqukethwe kwe-multimedia ku-inthanethi njengochwepheshe

Ekubalweni, i-multimedia yigama elisetshenziswa ukuchaza zonke izinhlobo zokuqukethwe eziqukethe indlela eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yokuziveza . Okusho ukuthi, konke okuhlobene namavidiyo, umsindo, izithombe, umbhalo, nezinye izinto.

Nakuba okwamanje kungumqondo osetshenziswa kabanzi ekubaleni , iqiniso liwukuthi mdala kakhulu kunekhompyutha, okungenzeka ukuthi waqala ekuqaleni kokuxhumana kwabantu, njengoba besilokhu sisebenzisa ukushukuma komzimba, izwi, ukubhala kanye nezimpawu ukuxhumana , okuyizindlela eziyisisekelo zokuziveza.

Kubuchwepheshe kanye ne-inthanethi, kuyinto ebalulekile, njengoba lokhu kwamuva kusekelwe esakhiweni se-multimedia ngokuphelele, ngakho konke esikubonayo, esikufundayo nesikuzwayo kuwebhusayithi kuyi-multimedia ngendlela yayo emsulwa.

Izici ze-Multimedia: Yiziphi izimfanelo ezichaza lolu hlobo lwefayela?

Amafayela e-multimedia namafomethi kulula ukuwabona ngoba anezici ezicacile esingazibona ngokubheka enye yazo.

Eziphawuleka kakhulu yilezi:

  • Izinto eziphinde zikhiqizwe: Ifomethi ye-multimedia kumele ikwazi ukudlalwa futhi ukuze isetshenziswe kamuva. Izinhlelo ezisetshenziswa kulokhu ngokuvamile ziyizidlali zomsindo namavidiyo, kanye nezibukeli zezithombe noma ama-word processors.
  • Okungaphindaphindwa: Njenganoma yiliphi elinye ifayela lekhompyutha, amafayela e-multimedia angakopishwa ngokuphelele, ukuze ube namakhophi amaningana awo ongawagcina.
  • Okungabiwa: Njengamanye amafayela, lawa angabiwa phakathi kwabasebenzisi ngaphandle kwemingcele.
  • Iyaguquleka: Lezi zinesici esiyingqayizivele sokuthi zingaguqulwa kusuka kwenye indlela ziye kwenye, okukuvumela ukuthi ube nokuqukethwe okufanayo kuvidiyo, umsindo, isithombe, ngisho nombhalo.

Amafayela e-multimedia abaluleke kakhulu kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi, akuthuthukisa kakhulu . Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umuntu evakashela iwebhusayithi, ufuna okuqukethwe angakusebenzisa. Izibalo ze-Forbes zibonisa ukuthi okuqukethwe okungaphezu kuka-70% okuku-inthanethi okudliwayo manje kuyividiyo , kanti okunye kungumsindo noma izithombe—ubufakazi obucacile bokubaluleka kwalezi zakhiwo.

Amafomethi e-multimedia? Uhlu lwazo zonke izinhlobo ezikhona kuze kube manje

Yiziphi izinhlobo zamafomethi evidiyo ezikhona

Uma sesizazi izici zento ethile, kulula kakhulu ukuyibona. Amafayela e-multimedia anikezwa ngamafomethi ahlukene, futhi ukuwazi kubalulekile ukuze siqonde kangcono leli zwe.

Umsindo

Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokukhuluma umsindo, kungaba yizwi noma umculo. Lezi zindlela zinamandla kakhulu ngoba zingadlulisela zonke izinhlobo zemizwa kumlaleli, kusukela osizini nasekudabukeni kuya enjabulweni kanye nokuzwakala okuhle.

Le ndlela yokuveza, nayo, inezinhlobo eziningana ezaziwa ngokuthi amafomethi omsindo, phakathi kwazo okulandelayo kuvelele :

  • I-MP3: Le fomethi yomsindo yasungulwa ngekhulu leminyaka elidlule yiqembu lochwepheshe abazibiza ngokuthi yi-Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG).
  • I-AAC: Ifomethi yomsindo esekelwe ezinguqulweni 2 no-4 ze-MPEG noma i-MP3, enezici zokuqukatha amafayela alula.
  • I-WMA: I-Windows Media Audio iyifomethi edalwe yi-Microsoft yesistimu yayo yokusebenza ye-Windows.
  • WAV: Lolu olunye uhlelo olwenzelwe i-Windows, olusetshenziswa kabanzi ukugcina okuqoshiwe komsindo.

Kusukela kuvidiyo

Ividiyo iyi-multimedia eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngoba iqukethe noma ingaqukatha zonke izindlela zokukhuluma umuntu azithuthukisile ukuze axhumane (umsindo, isithombe, umbhalo nokunye).

Njengasendabeni yomsindo kulezi zakhiwo ezahlukene:

  • MP4Lena inguqulo eyadalwa yi-Moving Picture Experts Group, ethuthukisa i-MP3 yayo ngokufaka ukwesekwa okuhle kakhulu kwezithombe ezihambayo, umqondo owawusuvele udumile kusukela kwasungulwa ithelevishini emashumini eminyaka edlule.
  • I-AVI: Lena ifomethi yevidiyo eyadalwa yiMicrosoft ngawo-90, eyethulwa njengendlela ehlukile esikhundleni se-DVD ngaphandle kwesidingo semidiya ebonakalayo. Impumelelo yayo yayimangalisa kangangokuthi manje idlalwa cishe yiwo wonke amadivayisi ahlakaniphile.
  • I-MKV: Le fomethi ithola igama layo ngoonodoli baseRussia abango-matryoshka, ngoba, njengabo, iqukethe ama-codec amaningana omsindo namavidiyo. Kuyindlela ethembekile esikhundleni se-MP4 futhi isetshenziswa embonini yethelevishini.

Okwesithombe

Izithombe zingenye yezindlela eziyisisekelo zokuveza, kodwa futhi zingenye yezindlela ezinethonya kakhulu, ezize zibangele ukunyakaza kobuciko (ukuthwebula izithombe, ukudweba, nokunye) okugxile ekudaleni izithombe ezingakaze zibonwe ngaphambili . Yingakho umklamo okhangayo obonakala kahle uhlala uthandwa ngabasebenzisi.

Phakathi kwamafomethi ezithombe zedijithali aziwa kakhulu yile:

  • I-JPG: Lena ifomethi ethandwa kakhulu. Isebenza ngokucindezela isithombe kakhulu, okubangela ukuthi silahlekelwe yikhwalithi kodwa kwenza kube lula ukusigcina. Njengamanje, wonke amakhamera, kusukela kumaselula kuya kumakhamera ochwepheshe, angathatha izithombe ngale fomethi.
  • I-PNG: Le fomethi ivumela ukuthwaleka kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezithombe ukuze zisetshenziswe kamuva ekwakhiweni kwesinye isithombe. Ingenye yamafomethi asetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ibe nomthelela omkhulu embonini yokuklama izithombe lapho iqala ukubonakala.
  • I-BMP: I-Windows Bitmap uhlobo lwefayela olusetshenziswa kulesi simiso sokusebenza, oluvumela ukugcina ihluzo ezilula njengezithonjana nezinto ezifanayo.

Umbhalo

Okokugcina, sinombhalo, esingawubheka njengohlobo oluyisisekelo kunazo zonke njengoba kuyisethi yezimpawu (izinhlamvu) ezidlulisela umlayezo kithi, okulula kanjalo.

Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi kuyacasula, njengoba kuye kwaklanywa amafomethi ahlukahlukene ukuze kugcinwe :

  • Umbhalo: Yifomethi yombhalo eyisisekelo kakhulu, eyenzelwe amafayela e-notepad. Ingagcina kuphela amanothi ombhalo ocacile, ngaphandle kwezithombe noma olunye uhlobo lwemidiya.
  • UDokotela: Lena ifomethi eyenzelwe izinhlelo zokucubungula amagama njengeMicrosoft Word. Iphelele kakhulu futhi inamandla kakhulu kuneyangaphambilini, ikwazi ukugcina izakhi zezithombe ngisho nama-animation kufayela elilodwa.

Izithombe

Izithombe ezinyakazayo ziwela phakathi kwevidiyo nesithombe. Ziwuchungechunge lwezithombe ezihambayo, ezingase zihlanganise noma zingahlanganisi umculo wangemuva kanye nezwi. Ifomethi eyaziwa kakhulu yale ndlela yokuxhumana yi-GIF , ekuvumela ukuthi ugcine ingxenye yesithombe esinyakazayo ukuze idlalwe kunoma iyiphi idivayisi.

Uhlu lwezinhlelo ezinhle kakhulu zokudala nokukhiqiza izinto ze-multimedia

Manje njengoba usuyazi ifayili le- Izici kanye nezinhlobo zamafayela amafomethi e-multimediaKubalulekile ukuthi uzijwayeze nezinhlelo ezithile ezibalulekile ekudaleni nasekuhleleni lolu hlobo lokuqukethwe. Lezi zimbalwa nje zazo; kunezinhlelo eziningi, uma kungenjalo izinkulungwane, ezikwazi ukuhlela, ukudala, noma ukubuka lezi zinhlobo zamadokhumenti. InternetPasoaPaso Sizokhuluma kabanzi ngalezi zinhlelo zesofthiwe.

Microsoft Word

Microsoft Word

Kokubili i-Word kanye nazo zonke izinhlelo eziku-Office suite kufanele zibe kulolu hlu , njengoba ziyizinhlelo zokuqala ekudaleni umbhalo nokuwuhlanganisa kumadokhumenti anezithombe nezinye izakhi zezithombe. Kusukela kulolu hlelo oluthile, singakha ama-invoyisi, omagazini bedijithali, izincwadi, imibiko, kanye namanye amafayela ahlukahlukene.

I-Adobe Photoshop

Izithombehop

I-Photoshop uhlelo oluhamba phambili emhlabeni lokuhlela izithombe kanye nokuklama imidwebo . Lolu hlelo lwe-bitmap lusivumela ukuthi sishintshe uhlaka lwesithombe ngohlaka, bese siluhlela noma siluthuthukise ezimweni eziningi. I-Photoshop kanye nomfowabo, i-Adobe Illustrator, bangamathuluzi abalulekile kubaklami bezithombe abaphambili emhlabeni.

Umdwebo we-Corel

Umdwebo we-Corel

Lolu uhlelo olusetshenziselwa ukudala nokuhlela izithombe zevekhtha, okuyinto, ngokungafani nezithombe noma izithombe, engadalwa kusukela ekuqaleni ngumklami. Lusetshenziswa kabanzi ekudaleni ama-logo enkampani, amabhanela okukhangisa, nazo zonke izinhlobo zezithombe zevekhtha.

I-Adobe Audition

I-Adobe Audition

Lokhu kungenye indlela eyigugu yokukhiqizwa komsindo, esetshenziswa kokubili embonini yomculo kanye nomsakazo ukuqopha nokukhiqiza zonke izinhlobo zomsindo kunoma ubani owudingayo . Uma unesifiso sokuqala i -podcast , lolu uhlelo okufanele uqale ukulusebenzisa ngokushesha.

I-Adobe Premiere Pro

Ukuhlela ividiyo nge-Adobe Premiere Pro

Lolu uhlelo olusetshenziswa kakhulu ekudaleni nasekukhiqizeni okuqukethwe okulalelwayo nokubonakalayo, ifomethi ye-multimedia ephelele kakhulu. Ezinye izinketho emakethe zifanelekile ukukhulunywa ngazo, njenge-Final Cut Pro, i-Sony Vegas, ne-Camtasia , kodwa lokhu ngokungangabazeki kumelela kakhulu. Ngalo, ungadala konke kusukela ekungenisweni kwevidiyo kuya kumadokhumentari aphelele noma amafilimu amafushane okuqala.